Medicina neonatal y pediátrica

Abstracto

Magnitude of Pneumonia and Risk Factors among Children Aged from 2 to 59 Months in Fitche General Hospital, Ethiopia 2018: A Case Report

Tadesse Bedada Haye*, Gashaye Asrat Muleye and Tadesse Fikre Lema

Background: Globally, every 35 seconds a child dies because of pneumonia. Around 905,059 under five children died due to pneumonia. The burden of child mortality due to pneumonia is higher in Sub-Sahara African countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assesses the magnitude of pneumonia and risk factors among children aged from 2 to 59 months.

Methodology: Institutional based case control study was employed at Fitche General Hospital in March, 2018. Data were collected using a pre-tested and standardized questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken from 246 children with pneumonia and those came for immunization or with other illnesses except respiratory complaints. Systematic random sampling method was used to select study participants. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 20. Binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to check whether their was association or not between independent and dependent.

Results: Data collected from cases of 123 children diagnosed with pneumonia and controls of 123 children without pneumonia in Fitche General Hospital. Children with no malnutrition were less likely to develop pneumonia (AOR=0.299, 95% CI: 0.127-0.704; p<0.006) as compared to those who were malnourished. Breastfeeding was strongly associated with pneumonia, in children who were exclusively breast fed for 6 months with odds of (AOR=0.470, 95% CI: 0.226-0.977), p=0.043) compared to their counterpart.

Conclusion: This study presents the independent predisposing factors, which are not being exclusively breast fed and malnutrition, for a child aged between 2 to 59 months of age. Improving nutritional status and education on exclusive breast feeding might be help to prevent pneumonia.