Revista de genética y mejoramiento vegetal

Abstracto

Recent Advancements on Plant Science & Genomics

Abdul Mujib

Since many years,   plants with desirable characteristics were being produced by employing conventional breeding methods. In this process, desirable traits will be selected, combined and propagated by continuous crossing for various generations and is a very long method, which takes up to 15 years to produce new varieties with desired characters. Based on the present conditions, traditional methods solely will not be sufficient to supply required food, fuel and fibre to overcome the future demands. Plant Science Today increasing the products similar to the period of green revolution during the 1960s to 1980s, which brought a great change in rural incomes and this idea is about three decades old. The advantage of these techniques related to the traditional breeding methods is, they not only efficiently expedite in a highly focused manner by inserting particular genes but also prevailed the limit of sexual variance between different plant species and immensely raise the available gene pool. By adopting the strategy of genetic engineering,   rural poverty can be decreased by increasing the food production and it encircles all aspects of agricultural production that includes high crop yield, less fertilizer and pesticide applications, increase in quality, simple processing and improved storage, the better quality of the products and modern technologies to examine the condition of plants. This field further encircles a broad range of technologies and can be used for a wide range of purposes, like the generation of new plant varieties and animal communities to increase their yields, development of disease and insect resistant varieties, abiotic stress-tolerant varieties, diagnosis of plant or animal diseases, increasing the livestock feed and production of plant-based vaccines. Commercial transgenic crops with desired traits can be developed by the insertion of one or more new genes along with regulatory sequences or by downregulating the internal genes. In-plant biotechnology,   to   control   the   gene   expression various methods like RNA sequencing could be used and   in   this   orientation   various   synthetic promoters,   repressors   and   enhancers   were developed by the scientists for innate and transgene expression regulation

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